Collateral Ligaments

The collateral ligaments can be torn in sporting activities, such as skiing or football. This usually occurs when the lower leg is forced sideways - either towards the other knee (medially) or away from the other leg (laterally). A blow to the outside of the knee while the foot is planted can put stress on the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and result in a tear of the ligament. Slipping on the ice can cause the foot to slip outward, taking the lower leg with it. The body weight pushing down causes a force on the whole leg - just like bending a green stick. The medial collateral ligament (MCL) may be torn in this instance because the force hinges the knee open putting stress on the MCL.

Most injuries to the collateral ligaments will heal with simple immobilization in a cast or splint for 4-6 weeks. An isolated injury to the LCL or MCL infrequently requires surgical repair or reconstruction. The initial treatment for a collateral ligament injury focuses on decreasing inflammation in the knee. Rest and anti-inflammatory medications, such as aspirin, can help decrease the pain and swelling. As the ligament heals, a physical therapy program will help in decreasing pain and inflammation, improving motion, and regaining strength. Your brace may be locked so that you cannot bend the knee at first to help you avoid painful movements